Etymology
The word "deodand" is derived from two Latin words:
Meaning
A deodand is a personal chattel that has caused a person's death, and which is forfeited to the Crown to be given to God as a pious offering.
Origin
The concept of deodands originated in ancient Germanic and Anglo-Saxon law, where it was believed that an object that had caused a person's death was cursed and needed to be offered to a deity to appease them.
In medieval England, deodands were initially applied to animals and objects that had killed people, such as livestock, wells, and even trees. Later, they were extended to include any chattels that had contributed to a death, such as carts, wagons, and weapons.
Deodands were used as a source of revenue for the Crown, and were often sold or given to churches or monasteries. The proceeds were typically used for pious purposes, such as building hospitals or bridges.
Decline of Deodands
The use of deodands declined in the 19th century, as the legal system became more secularized and the belief in curses diminished. They were abolished in England and Wales by the Forfeiture Act of 1870.
However, deodands still exist in some legal jurisdictions, such as Scotland and the Crown dependencies, albeit in a limited form.
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