Etymology:
Meaning:
Transmutation refers to the transformation of one element or isotope into another. This can occur through various processes, such as nuclear reactions, radioactive decay, or chemical reactions.
Origin:
The concept of transmutation has its roots in ancient alchemy, where alchemists sought to transform base metals into gold. The first known recorded instance of transmutation was in the 3rd century BC, when the Chinese alchemist Wei Boyang described the conversion of lead into gold.
However, it was not until the early 20th century that modern science confirmed the possibility of transmutation. In 1919, Ernest Rutherford and his team at the University of Cambridge conducted the first successful transmutation experiment, in which they converted nitrogen atoms into oxygen atoms by bombarding them with alpha particles.
Since then, transmutation has become an essential field of study in nuclear physics and has applications in various areas, including:
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