Etymology
The word "biome" is derived from the Greek words "bios" (life) and "oma" (assemblage).
Meaning
A biome is a large-scale ecological community characterized by a distinctive climate, topography, flora, and fauna. Biomes encompass vast geographic regions that share similar environmental conditions and support specific assemblages of living organisms.
Origin
The term "biome" was first proposed by the American ecologist Frederic Clements in 1916. Clements defined biomes as "climatic climax communities" that represent the final stage of ecological succession in a particular region.
Clements' concept of biomes was based on the assumption that environmental conditions determine the composition and distribution of plant and animal communities. He identified five major biomes: forest, grassland, tundra, desert, and aquatic.
Later ecologists expanded Clements' concept to include a broader range of factors that influence biome distribution, including soil characteristics, topography, and disturbance regimes.
Today, the term "biome" is widely used to describe the major ecological divisions of the Earth's surface. Biomes are important for understanding global patterns of biodiversity, ecosystem function, and the distribution of natural resources.
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