paraffin etymology

Etymology

The word "paraffin" is derived from the Latin words "parum" (meaning "little") and "affinis" (meaning "related").

Meaning and Origin

Paraffin refers to a group of saturated hydrocarbons that are:

  • Straight-chain or branched: Made up of a single chain of carbon atoms or multiple chains connected by carbon-carbon bonds.
  • Non-polar: Due to the lack of functional groups containing electronegative atoms.
  • Hydrophobic: Repels water due to its nonpolar nature.
  • Solid at room temperature: Typically melt at temperatures between 40-60°C (104-140°F).

Paraffins were first discovered and isolated by Carl Reichenbach in 1830. He distilled tar from wood and identified a substance that he named "paraffin" because it was related to other known hydrocarbons (alkenes and alkynes) but with a lower reactivity.

Usage

Paraffins have various commercial and industrial applications, including:

  • Candle wax: Paraffin wax is used in candles because it burns cleanly and with a long-lasting flame.
  • Lubricants: Paraffin oils are used as lubricants for machinery and engines due to their low friction and high temperature resistance.
  • Cosmetics: Paraffin is an emollient commonly used in skin creams and lotions to soften and moisturize the skin.
  • Packaging: Paraffin wax is used in coatings for food packaging, providing a barrier to moisture and oxygen.
  • Fuel: Kerosene and diesel fuels are mixtures that contain paraffins as their major components.

paraffin relate terms

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