Etymology
The word "suffragan" comes from the Latin word "suffraganeus," which is derived from "suffragari," meaning "to vote in favor of" or "to support."
Meaning
"Suffragan" refers to an individual who has the right to vote or support a higher-ranking authority or institution. It is most commonly associated with the Catholic Church, where it refers to a bishop who assists the archbishop of a metropolitan see (an ecclesiastical province).
Origins
The term "suffragan" was first used in the early Christian Church to designate bishops who were under the jurisdiction of an archbishop. The Council of Nicaea (325 AD) established the system of metropolitan provinces, each governed by an archbishop, with suffragan bishops under his authority.
In the Catholic Church, suffragan bishops typically have their own dioceses but are subject to the archbishop of the province. They assist the archbishop in administering the province and exercising his authority over the dioceses within it. Suffragan bishops are appointed by the Pope and are consecrated by the archbishop.
The concept of suffragancy has also been used in other ecclesiastical contexts, such as the Anglican Communion and the Orthodox Church. In some cases, the term "suffragan" can refer to a bishop who assists a bishop in a particular diocese.
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