kinase etymology

Etymology

The term "kinase" is derived from the Greek word "kinesis," which means "movement" or "change." The suffix "-ase" is added to indicate an enzyme, thus "kinase" refers to an enzyme that catalyzes changes.

Meaning

Kinases are enzymes that catalyze the transfer of phosphate groups from adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to specific target proteins. This process, known as phosphorylation, plays a crucial role in regulating various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, metabolism, and signal transduction.

Origin

The term "kinase" was first used in 1954 by Edwin G. Krebs and Edmond H. Fischer to describe an enzyme isolated from rabbit skeletal muscle that catalyzed the phosphorylation of glycogen phosphorylase. The discovery of kinases marked a significant advancement in our understanding of cellular regulation, as it provided insights into how cells control their metabolism and respond to external stimuli.

Additional Information

• There are numerous types of kinases, each targeting specific protein substrates.
• Kinases can be categorized based on their target substrate, such as protein kinases, lipid kinases, and carbohydrate kinases.
• Kinases play vital roles in regulating signaling pathways within cells.
• Kinase inhibitors are commonly used in targeted therapies for various diseases, including cancer.

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