Etymology:
Fideism derives from the Latin word "fides," meaning "faith."
Meaning:
Fideism is a philosophical and theological school of thought that emphasizes the primacy of faith over reason in matters of religious belief. It holds that religious truth cannot be established through rational inquiry but must be accepted through faith alone.
Origin:
The term "fideism" was first used in the 19th century by the French philosopher Victor Cousin to describe the beliefs of a group of reactionary thinkers known as the Traditionalists. The Traditionalists rejected the Enlightenment's emphasis on rationalism and argued that religious truth could only be known through divine revelation and tradition.
The concept of fideism has a long history in Christianity, dating back to the early Church Fathers. Tertullian, for example, argued that "faith is incompatible with knowledge." Other Christian thinkers, including Pascal and Kierkegaard, have also emphasized the importance of faith over reason in religious belief.
Fideism has been criticized for undermining the role of reason in religious inquiry and for leading to irrationalism. However, it continues to have adherents in some religious traditions, especially those that emphasize supernatural revelation and the authority of sacred texts.
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