Etymology:
The term "biodiversity" is a combination of two words:
Meaning:
Biodiversity refers to the variety and variability of life on Earth, encompassing the different forms, species, ecosystems, and genetic variations within and among these entities. It includes the diversity of living organisms, the genetic diversity within species, and the diversity of ecosystems and ecological processes.
Origin:
The term "biodiversity" was first used in the mid-1980s by American biologist Thomas Lovejoy. It gained widespread recognition in 1992 at the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro, where the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) was adopted. The CBD defines biodiversity as:
"The variability among living organisms from all sources including, inter alia, terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystems and the ecological complexes of which they are part; this includes diversity within species, between species and of ecosystems."
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