Etymology:
Meaning:
Origin:
The term "ultramontane" was originally used in the Middle Ages to refer to regions north of the Alps, which were outside the direct control of the Holy Roman Empire. In the 16th and 17th centuries, the term began to be used in a theological context to describe those who believed in the supreme authority of the Pope as the successor to Peter.
The concept of ultramontanism gained prominence during the Reformation and the Catholic Counter-Reformation. Ultramontane theologians argued that the Pope had absolute authority in matters of faith and morals, and that his decrees were binding on all Catholics. This belief was opposed by "Gallicanists," who held that the Pope's authority was limited by the authority of national bishops and councils.
In modern Catholicism, ultramontaneism continues to be associated with the belief in papal supremacy. However, the term has also been used to describe extreme or conservative religious views that emphasize strict adherence to Church doctrine and discipline.
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