Etymology
Rheumatoid derives from the Greek word "rheuma," meaning "flux" or "flow." The suffix "-oid" means "resembling."
Meaning
Rheumatoid describes a condition resembling or caused by flux or flow. In medical terms, it specifically refers to inflammation and pain in the joints and surrounding tissues, often caused by an autoimmune disease.
Origin
The term "rheumatoid" was first used in the early 19th century by the French physician Alfred-Armand-Louis-Marie Velpeau to describe a specific type of joint pain. Velpeau distinguished this condition from other forms of rheumatism, which at the time were believed to be caused by an imbalance of bodily fluids or a "rheumatic flux."
Over time, the term rheumatoid became more specific to the autoimmune condition known as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). RA is characterized by chronic inflammation of the joints, leading to pain, swelling, and tissue damage. The cause of RA is not fully understood, but it is thought to involve an immune response that mistakenly attacks the body's own tissues, including the joints.
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Etymology Early Modern English rheme 1600s Late Middle English reme 15th century
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