hangover etymology

Etymology

Hangover:

• First recorded in 1809
• Derived from the Middle English "hangove," meaning "physical illness caused by excessive drinking"
• Comprised of two parts:
  • "Hang," meaning "to be suspended or to slow down"
  • "Over," meaning "to go beyond"

Meaning and Origin

A hangover refers to the physical symptoms experienced after excessive alcohol consumption. These symptoms typically include headache, nausea, dehydration, and fatigue.

Physiological Basis of Hangover

Hangovers are caused by several factors:

• Dehydration: Alcohol inhibits the production of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), which normally absorbs water from the kidneys. This leads to increased urine production and dehydration.
• Hypoglycemia: Alcohol interferes with the liver's ability to produce glucose, resulting in low blood sugar levels.
• Toxic metabolites: Alcohol is metabolized into toxic compounds, such as acetaldehyde, which contribute to inflammation and damage cells.
• Gastrointestinal irritation: Alcohol irritates the lining of the stomach and intestines, leading to nausea and vomiting.

Cultural Variations

The severity and prevalence of hangovers vary across cultures:

• East Asian countries: Genetically more likely to experience severe hangovers due to an increased sensitivity to acetaldehyde.
• Western countries: Hangovers are often associated with binge drinking and social events.
• Some traditional cultures: Hangover symptoms may be relieved using traditional remedies, such as herbal teas or fermented drinks.

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