Etymology:
Meaning:
A curmudgeon is a person who is persistently bad-tempered, ill-humored, or unfriendly. They are typically characterized by a sour disposition, complaining, and a dislike of change or novelty.
Origin:
The earliest known use of the word "curmudgeon" in English is from the 15th century. It is derived from the Middle French word "cormillon," which means "horned animal" or "stubborn person." The word "cormillon" is thought to have originated from the Old French word "cornillon," which means "little horn." This may refer to the horns worn by devils or demons in medieval literature, symbolizing obstinacy or ill-temper.
Over time, the meaning of "curmudgeon" shifted from "horned animal" to "ill-humored person." This may have occurred due to the association between stubbornness and a "horned" demeanor. Additionally, the word "curmudgeon" may have been influenced by the Latin word "cornu" (meaning "horn"), which was used metaphorically to describe an unyielding or obstinate character.
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