compass etymology

Etymology:

  • Old French: compas
  • Latin: compassus ("stride")
  • Vulgar Latin: *compassare ("to measure by strides")
  • Proto-Indo-European: *kwem- ("to go, stride")

Meaning:

A compass is a navigational instrument used to determine direction. It consists of a magnetic needle that points to magnetic north and a surrounding ring or compass card that is calibrated with the cardinal directions.

Origin:

The compass originated in China during the Han dynasty (202 BCE - 220 CE). It was initially used for geomancy, the practice of determining a site's feng shui based on its location and orientation. However, it soon found applications in navigation, as it allowed sailors to determine their direction even on cloudy days or at night.

The compass was introduced to Europe in the 12th century through Arab merchants. It quickly became an essential tool for navigation, making possible the great voyages of exploration that followed.

Historical Development:

  • 9th century CE: Chinese geomancers develop a spoon-shaped lodestone that points to magnetic north.
  • 12th century CE: Arabic navigators adapt the Chinese compass for sea navigation.
  • 13th century CE: Italian astronomer Flavio Gioia adds a floating compass card to the compass.
  • 15th century CE: Portuguese navigator Pedro Álvares Cabral creates the first compass with a compass rose calibrated into 32 directions.
  • 17th century CE: English mathematician Edward Wright develops the Mercator projection, which allows navigators to use a compass for accurate navigation on maps.
  • 18th century CE: British naval officer John Harrison develops the marine chronometer, which allows precise determination of longitude and reduces the need for compasses for long-distance navigation.

compass relate terms

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    Etymology Encompass comes from the Old French word encompasser meaning to surroun

  • compass

    Etymology Old French compas Latin compassus stride Vulgar Latin compassare to

  • compass

    Etymology Old French compas Latin compassus stride Vulgar Latin compassare to

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  • expansion

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  • expansive

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  • fathom

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  • pace

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  • passe

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  • passim

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  • passacaglia

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  • passage

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  • passenger

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  • passport

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  • paten

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  • patent

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  • patina

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  • petal

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  • spandrel

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  • spawn

    Etymology Middle English spawnen from Old Norse spá meaning footprint or track

  • range

    Etymology The word range originates from the Old French word reng which means row o

  • reach

    Etymology The word reach comes from the Middle English word rechen which is of Old E

  • grasp

    Etymology Old English graspian meaning to seize or take hold of From Proto Germani

  • orientation

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  • compress

    Etymology Middle English compressen from Anglo French compresser from Latin compress

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    Etymology The word Mercator is derived from the Latin word mercator which means mer

  • orient

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  • attain

    Etymology Latin attingere to touch reach Proto Indo European teg teŋk to

  • anger

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  • ballpark

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