Etymology
The word "amino" comes from the French word "amine," which in turn comes from the Arabic word "amun," meaning "ammonia." Ammonia is a compound of nitrogen and hydrogen that is found in many organic compounds, including amino acids.
Meaning and Origin
Amino acids are organic compounds that contain both an amino group (-NH2) and a carboxylic acid group (-COOH). They are the basic building blocks of proteins and are essential for many biological processes, such as growth, repair, and metabolism.
Amino acids were first discovered in the early 19th century by the French chemist Louis-Nicholas Vauquelin. Vauquelin isolated a number of amino acids from plants and animals, and he determined that they were all composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen.
The German chemist Justus von Liebig later developed a method for synthesizing amino acids in the laboratory. Liebig's work helped to establish the importance of amino acids in nutrition and metabolism.
Today, amino acids are used in a variety of industrial and pharmaceutical applications. They are used as food additives, flavorings, and sweeteners. They are also used in the production of plastics, dyes, and detergents.
There are 20 common amino acids that are found in proteins. These amino acids can be classified into three groups:
Amino acids are essential for human health. They are involved in a variety of important biological processes, and they are necessary for growth, repair, and metabolism.
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