allotrope etymology

Etymology:

The word "allotrope" is derived from the Greek words:

  • allos: "other"
  • tropos: "turn" or "form"

Meaning:

An allotrope is a different form of an element that exhibits distinct physical and chemical properties. It is an element that exists in two or more different forms with the same atomic structure but different molecular structures.

Origin:

The term "allotrope" was first introduced in 1841 by the Swedish chemist Jöns Jacob Berzelius. He used it to describe different forms of carbon, such as diamond, graphite, and charcoal, which all have the same atomic structure (C) but different molecular arrangements and thus exhibit distinct properties.

Examples of Allotropes:

  • Carbon: diamond, graphite, graphene, fullerenes
  • Oxygen: oxygen gas (O2), ozone (O3)
  • Sulfur: rhombic sulfur, monoclinic sulfur, plastic sulfur
  • Iron: alpha-iron, gamma-iron, delta-iron

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