Samaria etymology

Etymology

The name "Samaria" is derived from the Hebrew word "Shomron," which means "watch tower." This name refers to the strategic location of the city on a hilltop, overlooking the Jezreel Valley.

Meaning

The name "Samaria" carries multiple meanings:

• Watch Tower: The city's location on a hilltop provided a clear view of the surrounding countryside, making it an ideal place for observation and defense.
• Capital City: Samaria served as the capital of the northern Kingdom of Israel from its establishment in 882 BCE until its fall to the Assyrians in 722 BCE.
• Symbol of Royal Authority: The city was closely associated with the Israelite monarchy, particularly King Ahab, who built an elaborate palace there.

Origin

The origins of Samaria can be traced back to the early Canaanite period. It is mentioned in the Bible as a town that was allocated to the tribe of Manasseh after the Israelite conquest of Canaan.

In 882 BCE, King Omri of Israel purchased the hilltop of Samaria from Shemer, the owner of the land. Omri fortified the city and made it his capital, establishing the northern Kingdom of Israel. Samaria became a thriving political and economic center, rivaling Jerusalem in the south.

Historical Significance

Samaria played a pivotal role in the history of Israel. It witnessed numerous significant events, including:

• The reign of famous kings, such as Ahab, Jehoram, and Hoshea.
• The construction of a magnificent palace and ivory house by King Ahab.
• The Assyrian conquest and exile of the northern Israelites in 722 BCE.
• The destruction of the city by King John Hyrcanus of Judea in 108 BCE.
• The establishment of a Roman colony under Emperor Augustus in the 1st century BCE, renamed Sebaste.

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