Etymology:
The word "polarization" is derived from the Greek words "polos" (pole) and "-izein" (to make).
Meaning:
Polarization refers to the process of becoming or causing to become aligned in opposing directions or groups. It can be used in various contexts, including:
Origin:
The concept of polarization was first used in the context of physics during the early 19th century by scientists like Michael Faraday. They observed that when an electric current flows through a material, it can align the electric charges within it, creating a polarized state.
In the social sciences, the term "polarization" began to be used in the early 20th century to describe the division of societies into opposing groups, often along ideological, political, or economic lines. This usage gained prominence in the aftermath of World War II, as societies around the world experienced intense political and social conflicts.
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