Etymology:
The word "nephron" is derived from the Ancient Greek word "νεφρός" (nephros), meaning "kidney."
Meaning:
A nephron is the functional unit of the kidney. It is a microscopic structure that filters blood and produces urine. Each kidney contains millions of nephrons.
Origin:
The use of the term "nephron" in the context of kidney anatomy and physiology originated in the early 19th century. The term was first proposed by the German anatomist Karl Friedrich Burdach in 1830. Burdach used the term to refer to the microscopic tubules within the kidney that are responsible for urine production.
Over time, the term "nephron" has come to refer to the entire functional unit of the kidney, including the glomerulus, proximal tubule, loop of Henle, and distal tubule. Each nephron is responsible for filtering blood and producing urine, which is essential for maintaining the body's fluid and electrolyte balance.
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