Etymology:
Meaning and Origin:
In its psychiatric sense, mania is a mental state characterized by excessive energy, euphoria, decreased sleep, and increased talkativeness. It is often associated with bipolar disorder.
The term "mania" was first used by the ancient Greeks to describe a state of intense mental excitement. The term stems from the Greek word "mainas," which referred to a raving, frenzied attendant of the god Dionysus. These attendants were believed to experience states of ecstasy and madness during religious ceremonies.
Over time, the term "mania" came to be used more broadly to refer to various forms of mental illness characterized by excessive excitement and disturbance. In the 19th century, the German psychiatrist Emil Kraepelin distinguished between manic-depressive psychosis (now known as bipolar disorder) and schizophrenia, recognizing mania as a key symptom of bipolar disorder.
Today, "mania" is used in psychiatry to describe the elevated mood, increased energy, and decreased sleep associated with bipolar disorder. It can also be used to refer to similar states of intense excitement and disturbance caused by drug use or organic brain disorders.
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