Etymology
Meaning and Origin
The term "enterovirus" comes from the Greek word "enteron" (intestine) and the Latin word "virus" (poison). The term was first coined in 1957 by the American virologist Albert Sabin, who used it to describe a group of small RNA viruses that were shed in the feces and were associated with a variety of intestinal diseases.
Enteroviruses are members of the family Picornaviridae, which includes several other important human pathogens, such as poliovirus, hepatitis A virus, and rhinovirus. Enteroviruses are classified into four species: enterovirus A, B, C, and D. The different enteroviruses are named after the diseases they cause, such as coxsackievirus (named after the town of Coxsackie, New York, where it was first isolated), echovirus (named after the abbreviation for "enteric cytopathogenic human orphan virus"), and poliovirus (named after the disease it causes, poliomyelitis).
Enteroviruses are commonly transmitted through contact with contaminated food, water, or surfaces. They can also be spread through contact with respiratory droplets from an infected person. Enteroviruses can cause a wide range of symptoms, depending on the type of virus and the individual's immune response. Common symptoms include fever, headache, muscle aches, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Some enteroviruses can also cause more serious complications, such as meningitis, encephalitis, and myocarditis.
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