Etymology and Meaning
The name "Denmark" is derived from two Old Norse words:
Therefore, the name "Denmark" can be translated as "Dan's borderland" or "Dan's forest."
Origin
The first known mention of Denmark appeared on a runestone from around 900 CE, which referred to King Gorm the Old as "Gorm, King of the Danes."
The legendary origins of Denmark are recounted in the Gesta Danorum, a 12th-century work by the Danish historian Saxo Grammaticus. According to the Gesta Danorum, Denmark was founded by King Dan, a descendant of the Trojan heroes Hector and Priam.
Historical Evolution
The Kingdom of Denmark emerged in the 9th century CE as a viking kingdom. Over time, Denmark expanded its territories, including Norway and Sweden at various points.
In the 15th century, Denmark became part of the Kalmar Union, a Scandinavian alliance under the Danish crown. The union dissolved in 1523, and Denmark remained an independent kingdom.
In the 18th and 19th centuries, Denmark lost control of several territories, including Norway (1814) and Schleswig-Holstein (1864).
Today, Denmark is a constitutional monarchy with a population of around 5.8 million people. It is known for its high standard of living, welfare state, and cultural achievements.
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