Etymology:
Meaning:
A cyclotron is a type of particle accelerator in which charged particles are accelerated in a circular path by a magnetic field.
Origin:
The cyclotron was invented by Ernest Lawrence in 1929 at the University of California, Berkeley. Lawrence was inspired by the idea of using a magnetic field to bend the path of charged particles, and he developed a way to use two D-shaped electrodes, known as "dees", to accelerate the particles in a circular path.
The first cyclotron, called the "60-inch cyclotron", was able to accelerate protons to an energy of 1.2 MeV. Subsequent cyclotrons were built with larger diameters and were able to accelerate particles to higher energies. Cyclotrons played a major role in the development of nuclear physics in the early 20th century.
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