Etymology
The word "electron" comes from the Ancient Greek word "ἤλεκτρον" (ēlektron), meaning "amber."
Meaning
An electron is a subatomic particle with a negative electrical charge. It is the second lightest particle, after the neutrino, and is a fundamental constituent of all matter.
Origin
The term "electron" was first used by the Irish physicist George Johnstone Stoney in 1874 to describe the fundamental unit of electric charge. Stoney proposed that the charge of an electron was the smallest possible charge that could exist.
In 1897, the English physicist J.J. Thomson discovered the electron by experimenting with cathode rays. He found that cathode rays were composed of negatively charged particles that he called "corpuscles." Thomson's discovery of the electron proved that atoms were not indivisible, as had been previously believed.
The term "electron" was adopted by the scientific community in the early 20th century, and it has been used to refer to the fundamental unit of electric charge ever since.
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