condottiere etymology

Etymology and Meaning

  • Condottiere (Italian)
  • Etymology: Late Latin conductarius, meaning "contractor, paymaster"
  • Meaning: A mercenary captain in Renaissance Italy

Origin

The term "condottiere" emerged in Italy during the Middle Ages, when wealthy city-states raised armies to defend their territories. However, these armies were often composed of mercenaries, who were hired and paid by private contractors known as "condottieri."

The condottieri were typically nobles or experienced military leaders who organized companies of soldiers. They were paid a fixed rate for their services and were responsible for recruiting, equipping, and training their troops. In return, they received a share of the profits from military campaigns.

The condottieri system became widespread in Renaissance Italy, where it played a major role in the political and military landscape. These mercenary armies were often employed by rival city-states, leading to complex alliances and conflicts. The condottieri themselves became known for their military skills and political ambitions, and many rose to positions of great power and wealth.

Notable Condottieri

Some of the most famous condottieri in Italian history include:

  • John Hawkwood (1320-1394)
  • Muzio Attendolo Sforza (1369-1424)
  • Bartolomeo Colleoni (1400-1475)
  • Cesare Borgia (1475-1507)

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