Etymology:
The word "vanguard" derives from the middle English "vaunt garde," which is itself derived from the old French phrases "avant garde" (literally "advanced guard") and "avant corps" ("front corps").
Meaning:
The primary meaning of "vanguard" is:
Origin:
The concept of a vanguard has been present in military history for centuries, dating back to ancient times. In ancient Greece, for example, the hoplites who formed the phalanx were often preceded by a small group of skirmishers who engaged the enemy first to weaken their defenses.
In medieval times, the use of a vanguard became more formalized, with the emergence of specialized units such as scouts, light cavalry, and bowmen who would move ahead of the main body of troops to clear the way for an advance.
The term "vanguard" was first used in English in the late 14th century to refer to the leading division of an army. By the 16th century, it had also come to be used more broadly to refer to the leading or most advanced part of any group or movement.
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