Etymology
The name "Ukraine" derives from the Slavic word "країна" (krayina), meaning "borderland" or "frontier territory."
Meaning
Origin
The term "Ukraine" first appeared in the 12th century in the Hypatian Chronicle, a record of the history of the Kievan Rus' state. It was used to describe the southern and eastern territories of the Rus' principality, which were located on the border with the nomadic Cumans and other steppe peoples.
The name "Ukraine" gained wider usage in the 17th and 18th centuries, during the period of Cossack self-governance in the region. The Cossacks were a military and political entity that controlled much of the Ukrainian borderlands, and they adopted the name Ukraine to refer to their territory.
After the partitions of Poland in the late 18th century, the Ukrainian territories were divided between the Russian and Austro-Hungarian empires. The term "Ukraine" continued to be used to refer to the historical and cultural region inhabited by Ukrainians, despite its division under different political jurisdictions.
In 1917, Ukraine declared independence as the Ukrainian People's Republic, but its independence was short-lived. In 1922, Ukraine became a constituent republic of the Soviet Union, which suppressed the use of the name "Ukraine" in favor of "the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic."
During the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, Ukraine regained its independence and adopted the name "Ukraine" as the official name of the country.
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