Etymology and Meaning
The name "Samarra" is derived from the Arabic word "samara", which means "night watch".
Origin
Samarra was founded in 836 CE by the Abbasid caliph Al-Mu'tasim as the capital of the Abbasid Caliphate. It was chosen as the new seat of power debido its strategic location on the Tigris River and its proximity to Baghdad, the previous capital.
Historical Background
Samarra served as the capital of the Abbasid Caliphate for about 50 years, from 836 to 892 CE. During this period, it was a thriving metropolis and a center of Islamic culture and learning. However, its importance declined after the capital was moved back to Baghdad in 892 CE.
Archaeological Importance
Samarra is known for its well-preserved archaeological remains, which include:
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