Etymology
The word "rune" comes from the Proto-Germanic word rūnō, which is related to the Old Norse word *rúnar. The word rūnō is thought to be derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *rew-, meaning "to carve" or "to scratch".
Meaning
Runes are a set of alphabetic characters that were used by the Germanic peoples from the 2nd century AD to the 17th century AD. Runes were used for writing both secular and religious texts, and they were also used for magical purposes.
Origin
The earliest known runes were found on a bone that was discovered in Denmark in the early 20th century. The bone is dated to the 2nd century AD, and it contains a short inscription that is written in the Elder Futhark, the oldest known runic alphabet.
The Elder Futhark consisted of 24 runes, and it was used by the Germanic peoples of Scandinavia and northern Germany. Over time, the Elder Futhark evolved into a number of different runic alphabets, including the Younger Futhark, which was used by the Vikings.
Runes were eventually replaced by the Latin alphabet in most parts of Europe, but they continued to be used in some isolated areas until the 17th century AD. Runes are still used today by some practitioners of Germanic neopaganism.
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