Etymology
The word "neoclassical" is derived from the Greek words "neos" (new) and "klassikos" (classical).
Meaning
Neoclassicism refers to a period in the history of Western art, architecture, and literature that emphasized the return to the principles and forms of classical antiquity, particularly the art of ancient Greece and Rome.
Origin
Neoclassicism emerged in the mid-18th century as a reaction against the excessive ornamentation and Rococo style of the Baroque period. It was inspired by the rediscovery of archaeological sites in Italy and the writings of influential theorists such as Johann Joachim Winckelmann and Jacques-Louis David.
Neoclassical principles were characterized by:
Neoclassicism had a profound influence on art, architecture, and literature, inspiring works by artists such as Jacques-Louis David, Antonio Canova, and Robert Adam. It also played a significant role in the development of the modern museum and the conservation of ancient artifacts.
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