Lollard etymology

Etymology and Meaning:

• Lollard derives from Middle Dutch lollen ("to mutter, sing softly"), possibly influenced by Latin lolium ("darnel").
• In the 14th century, the term was used in England to refer to followers of John Wycliffe, a theologian who challenged the authority of the Roman Catholic Church.
• Lollards were known for their practice of preaching to the laity in their own language (English) and without ecclesiastical approval. They also questioned established Church doctrines, such as the Real Presence of Christ in the Eucharist.

Origin:

• The term "Lollard" was first applied to the followers of Wycliffe in the 1380s.
• It was originally a derogatory term used by their opponents to label them as heretics and "mumblers."
• By the 15th century, the term had become widely accepted among both supporters and detractors of the Lollard movement.

Later Usage:

• After the Reformation, the term "Lollard" continued to be used in England to refer to Protestants, particularly those who were considered more radical or nonconformist.
• In the 19th century, the term was revived by historians to describe the pre-Reformation Lollard movement.
• Today, the term "Lollard" is primarily used in historical contexts to refer to the followers of John Wycliffe and their influence on the English Reformation.

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