illiberal etymology

Etymology:

The term "illiberal" has its roots in the Latin words "in-" (not) and "liberalis" (free, generous). It was first used in the 16th century to describe something that is not in accordance with the principles of liberalism.

Meaning:

Illiberal refers to a political or intellectual approach that is against the principles of liberalism and individual freedom. It emphasizes the role of government in controlling society and restricting individual rights.

Origin:

The origins of illiberalism can be traced to the reactionary movements that emerged in Europe in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. These movements sought to restore traditional values and institutions that had been challenged by the Enlightenment and the French Revolution.

Illiberalism also gained momentum during the 20th century, particularly in the aftermath of World War II. In countries like the Soviet Union, China, and Cuba, authoritarian regimes established illiberal ideologies that justified the suppression of dissent and the erosion of individual freedoms.

Characteristics of Illiberalism:

• Emphasis on state power: Illiberal ideologies prioritize the authority of the state over individual rights.
• Restriction of civil liberties: Illiberal regimes often impose limits on freedom of speech, assembly, and the press.
• Erosion of democratic institutions: Illiberal leaders tend to weaken checks and balances, subvert the rule of law, and undermine independent institutions like the judiciary and the media.
• Nationalism and xenophobia: Illiberalism often promotes nationalist sentiments and hostile attitudes towards outsiders.
• Traditionalism: Illiberal ideologies may emphasize traditional values and social hierarchies, rejecting progressive ideas and social change.

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