heriot etymology

Etymology

The word "heriot" is derived from the following Germanic roots:

• Old English: heregeat, heriot
• Proto-Germanic: hari-gewat

Meaning

A heriot is a feudal due or service paid by a tenant to their lord upon the tenant's death. It typically consists of the tenant's best beast (e.g., horse, cow, or pig).

Origin

The concept of heriots originated in medieval Europe:

• Military Purpose: Originally, heriots were considered "reliefs" that ensured the transfer of military equipment from the deceased tenant to the lord upon inheritance.
• Compensation for Loss of Service: Heriots also compensated the lord for the loss of services from the tenant.
• Status Symbol: Over time, heriots became a status symbol, with the most valuable beasts being offered as the best possible payment.

Historical Development

• Anglo-Saxon England: Heriots were established in Anglo-Saxon law and were typically paid in livestock.
• Norman Conquest: After the Norman Conquest in 1066, heriots were standardized and became a legal obligation for all tenants.
• Common Law: Heriots became part of the common law of England and were upheld in court decisions.
• Abolition: Heriots were gradually phased out in England and Wales in the 19th century and were abolished by statute in 1925.

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