genome etymology

Etymology

The term "genome" is derived from two Greek words:

  • "genos" (γένος) meaning "race, kind, birth"
  • "-ome" (suffix) meaning "whole" or "mass"

Meaning

The genome refers to the complete set of genetic material in an organism, including all of the DNA or RNA molecules that contain the instructions for development and functioning. It includes all the genes, regulatory elements, and non-coding DNA present in an organism.

Origin

The term "genome" was first coined by Hans Winkler in 1920 in his work "Verteilung und Ursache der Parthenogenesis im Pflanzen- und Tierreich." Winkler defined the genome as the "haploid chromosome set of an organism."

Later, in 1940, T.H. Morgan used the term "genome" in his book "The Theory of the Gene" to refer to the total genetic complement of an organism, including all the genes and their interactions.

Since then, the term "genome" has been widely adopted in genetics and genomics to represent the entirety of an organism's genetic material.

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