endothermic etymology

Etymology

"Endothermic" is derived from two Greek words:

• "endon" (ἔνδον): meaning "within"
• "thermos" (θέρμος): meaning "heat"

Meaning and Origin

"Endothermic" refers to a chemical reaction or physical process that absorbs heat from its surroundings. In other words, the system experiences a net increase in internal energy.

The term was first used by the German chemist Julius Thomsen in 1854 to describe chemical reactions that require the input of heat to occur. He defined it as "the quantity of heat which is absorbed by a body when undergoing a transformation."

Endothermic reactions are typically characterized by:

• Breaking of chemical bonds, which requires energy input
• Formation of weaker bonds, which releases less energy than is required to break the bonds
• An increase in entropy (disorder)

Examples of endothermic reactions include:

• Melting of ice
• Boiling of water
• Photosynthesis
• Dissolution of salts in water

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