Etymology
Meaning
Coevolution refers to the reciprocal evolutionary change that occurs between two or more species that interact closely over time. It involves the adaptations and counter-adaptations that each species makes in response to changes in the other.
Origin
The term "coevolution" was first used in the 1960s by biologists Peter Raven and Daniel McNeill in their paper "Evidence for Coevolutionary Relationships between California Flora and Fauna." They proposed that the evolutionary histories of different species could be intertwined and mutually influenced.
Raven and McNeill observed that certain plant species in California had evolved specialized adaptations to protect themselves from herbivores, such as spines and toxic chemicals. Conversely, herbivores had also evolved adaptations to overcome these plant defenses, such as digestive enzymes and specialized foraging behaviors.
This reciprocal evolutionary dynamic between plants and herbivores provided evidence for the concept of coevolution. It suggested that the evolutionary trajectory of one species was not independent but was influenced by the adaptations of other species with which it interacted.
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