Etymology
Meaning and Origin
A bestiary is a book or manuscript containing descriptions and illustrations of real and mythical animals. Bestiaries were popular during the Middle Ages and often included information on the animals' appearances, habits, symbolic meanings, and medicinal uses.
The earliest known bestiaries date back to the 4th century, but it was during the 12th and 13th centuries that they reached their peak of popularity. These medieval bestiaries were heavily influenced by the writings of ancient naturalists such as Aristotle and Pliny the Elder. However, they also included a significant amount of folklore and religious symbolism.
Bestiaries often included fantastic creatures such as unicorns, dragons, and mermaids alongside more realistic animals. These mythical creatures were often given Christian interpretations, and they could represent virtues or vices or symbolize the dangers of the natural world.
In addition to their religious and symbolic significance, bestiaries were also used as sources of medical information. Animals were believed to have medicinal properties, and their descriptions in bestiaries could include information on how to use them to treat various ailments.
Bestiaries were an important source of knowledge and entertainment during the Middle Ages. They provided information about the natural world, as well as religious and moral lessons. Today, bestiaries are still valued for their historical and literary significance.
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