anaphylaxis etymology

Etymology:

• Greek "ana-" meaning "against"
• Greek "phylaxis" meaning "protection"

Meaning:

Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening allergic reaction that can occur within minutes of exposure to a specific allergen.

Origin:

The term "anaphylaxis" was first coined in 1902 by the French physiologists Charles Richet and Paul Portier. They conducted experiments on dogs by injecting them with sea anemone venom and observed that repeated injections caused an exaggerated immune response, leading to anaphylactic shock.

The etymology of the term reflects the immunological mechanisms involved in the reaction. "Ana-" indicates that the immune system is "against" itself, attacking the body's own tissues in an exaggerated manner. "Phylaxis" implies that the body's immune system is attempting to protect itself, but the response becomes harmful and life-threatening.

Anaphylaxis is triggered by the release of histamine and other inflammatory mediators from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause dilation of blood vessels, increased mucus production, and constriction of airways, leading to symptoms such as difficulty breathing, hives, swelling, and hypotension.

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